What is the maximum safe oxygen concentration that can be administered long-term?

The maximum safe oxygen concentration that can be administered long-term is commonly understood to be in the range of 28% to 30%. This concentration is considered safe for extended use because higher levels of oxygen can lead to oxygen toxicity, which can adversely affect lung function and other bodily systems. Chronic exposure to high oxygen concentrations may also result in complications such as pulmonary oxygen toxicity, which can cause damage to the alveoli and lead to respiratory failure.

In clinical practice, administering oxygen at levels above this range for an extended period increases the risk of these toxic effects. The 21% concentration found in room air is generally well tolerated and does not pose risks associated with prolonged exposure to higher concentrations. Lower concentrations, like 24%, may still be effective for many patients and help avoid potential complications, but 28% to 30% is typically regarded as the upper limit for long-term therapy where the benefits outweigh the risks.

Understanding these thresholds is crucial for safely managing patients requiring supplemental oxygen therapy and ensuring their long-term well-being.