Which conditions are most likely to require supplemental oxygen therapy?

Supplemental oxygen therapy is primarily indicated for conditions that involve impaired gas exchange or breathing difficulties, particularly where the body's ability to acquire oxygen is compromised. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), pneumonia, and other forms of acute respiratory distress significantly reduce the efficiency of oxygen transfer in the lungs due to inflammation, fluid buildup, or damage to lung tissue. These conditions often lead to hypoxemia, necessitating direct oxygen supplementation to support adequate oxygen levels in the bloodstream and tissues.

In the case of COPD, for example, the obstructive nature of the disease leads to reduced airflow and gas exchange, resulting in low blood oxygen levels. Pneumonia affects the lungs' ability to effectively oxygenate blood by filling alveoli with fluid or pus, further necessitating supplementary oxygen to assist with recovery and maintain adequate oxygen saturation levels. Acute respiratory distress syndromes can result from a variety of causes, such as sepsis or trauma, leading to critical impairment of lung function and the need for supplemental oxygen.

In contrast, the other conditions listed, such as hypertension, diabetes, asthma, and allergies, do not typically warrant routine supplemental oxygen unless they lead to significant respiratory compromise. Cardiac arrest and stroke, while serious medical emergencies, may lead to a need