Which patient population is most at risk for oxygen toxicity?

The patient population most at risk for oxygen toxicity is those requiring long-term high-concentration oxygen therapy. Oxygen toxicity primarily arises when high levels of oxygen are administered for extended periods, especially above concentrations of 50% or more. Under these conditions, oxygen can generate reactive oxygen species that lead to cellular damage and inflammation in various organs, particularly the lungs and brain.

Patients on long-term high-concentration oxygen are exposed to elevated oxygen pressure, which increases the likelihood of oxidative stress, resulting in complications such as lung damage, fibrosis, and even central nervous system effects. Vigilant monitoring and careful management of oxygen levels are crucial in these situations to prevent the adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure to high concentrations of oxygen.